It's not shown, but it is clearly insinuated that Anakin killed the younglings. This is confirmed later in the movie when Obi-Wan informs Padme that Anakin killed them. Both are torn apart with hurt and confusion, trying to make sense of something so terrible.
He almost immediately began to feel remorse for the things he'd done, but by the same token he felt that the atrocities he'd already committed had already set him on the path he was taking. He did have remorse, as the scene of him in tears on Mustafar shows.
If you are asking about Vader post-Mustafar, then no, she doesn't. Padmé doesn't seem to know Obi-wan cut off his limbs and left him to burn alive, Obi-wan didn't believe Anakin to be alive and Anakin's surgeries were still happening as Padmé died so there was no way for her to know.
Yes, his entire character since then was a self loathing tragic monster who has little reason to care about anything. Betraying Mace Windu instantly made him regret his act of impulse, Padme's death and rejection of his actions later on made it stick. To Anakin, he tried to rationalize he had no choice.
Darth Vader was aware that Padmé Amidala died. That's because Palpatine told him what happened to Padmé after he saved Anakin on Mustafar. In fact, there was a big funeral held for Padmé on Naboo. But Vader didn't know that Padmé died of a broken heart as he thought she died by his hand.
and Learned that Padme had died, he screamed in anguish. and crushed all of the medical droids around him. Vader targeted Palpatine next, unleashing his rage upon his new master, sending him flying backwards into the wall.
The story is Anakin was manipulated to the dark side by Palpatine based on fears of losing Padme and appeals to his desire power and agency, over his life and the galaxy as a whole.
Anakin foresaw and feared Padme's death in childbirth.
The original spark behind Anakin's turn was the nightmare that saw his wife dying in childbirth. He thought the Dark Side would grant him the power to prevent that reality from coming true.
The film doesn't flinch away from how horrific that act is, especially as it begins the downward spiral of Padme's death. Nonetheless, as she dies, Padme tells Obi-Wan that there is still good in Anakin. Even something as heinous as that couldn't fully break her love for Anakin.
It's clear that Darth Vader wishes that Padmé joined him so that they could have remained together. But there are moments in Marvel's other Darth Vader series that suggest that, while the Sith Lord is very much still obsessed with the idea of Padmé, her betrayal may have caused him to think ill of his late wife.
However, when Palpatine destroyed the Republic, Panaka sided with him. Though he never acted against Padme, his support of Palpatine included the support of a stronger military presence, which was a betrayal of her ideals.
He has! Darth Vader's love and his grief was stronger than the pull of the Dark side. He visited Padme Amidala's mausoleum on her home planet of Naboo.
She appeared to have “lost the will to live.” The most common theory states that perhaps Palpatine used Padme's life force to heal the barely alive Anakin. Evidence In support of this theory includes how Padme appeared to die right when Anakin/Darth Vader's life-saving procedure was over.
In his eyes, removing any kind of hindrance (including killing younglings) that would block his path from saving the woman he so deeply loved was the only way. Sadly, his love for her sealed his fate.
However, when they next met in Star Wars: Episode II – Attack of the Clones, Anakin and Padmé's feelings for one another grew into something resembling love, and their wedding at the end of the film solidified their relationship as one of the most important romances in Star Wars history.
The short answer is yes, without a doubt, Vader regretted becoming a cybernetic monstrosity. First, there's the constant pain and discomfort from his suit. Worse, however, is the psychological pain. Vader destroyed everything he had ever known for a chance to save Padme.
To hide the birth of her twins from both Darth Vader and more importantly Palpatine. The fact that Amidala had given birth to twins was a secret known only to a few after her death. The mortician Commodex Tahn used a hologram to make her still appear pregnant during her funeral.
He loved Padme but hated what he thought she just did. Being the low-wisdom guy that he was, he acted on his hatred immediately as Palapine encouraged him to do. He couldn't force-choke Obi-Wan (the one he really wanted to do it to), so he did it to Padme (the one he could do it to).
In 'The Phantom Menace' (set in 32 BBY) Anakin is aged 9 and Padmé is 14. He turns ten during the film. By the time of their (sexual) relationship in Attack of the Clones, (set ten years later, set in 22 BBY) he was 19 and she was 24. The name resonated in young Anakin's heart and soul.
His only reason for turning to the dark side was a need to protect the ones he loved and to learn the secrets of preventing death. From Anakin's point of view, becoming Palpatine's apprentice was simply a way of becoming more powerful, and all the evil tasks he had to complete were to bring him closer to his goal.
While Force healing could have saved Padmé, material from both continuities explains why Anakin couldn't use it. The Force is a fundamental omnipresent energy that can be used as “powers” by those who are trained to tap into it. One such power is healing oneself or another at an enhanced speed.
Originally Answered: After Padme died why did Anakin choose to stay on the dark side? The only reason why Anakin joined the dark side in the first place was to save Padme from dying during her pregnancy. He had no choice after the events of Episode III. He had lost his wife and his friends/comrades in the Jedi Order.
Yes, he remembers everything about his past (just not based on reality), but he probably doesn't spend a lot of time thinking about it, and when he does, his memory of things is clouded and twisted by the lies of the sith, the dark side, and his own flawed thinking and character.
Anakin would have likely been killed by the clone troopers, along with the other Jedi. However, perhaps he would have escaped. He would have taken the pregnant Padme with him. He would have needed to get as far away from the eventual Empire as possible, so perhaps they would have gone with Yoda to Dagobah?
Anakin's obsession towards Padme can be seen as a reason for him to use the Jedi mind trick on her, but he remains loyal to his heart and does what anyone would do for someone they love; he dedicates time to her, he fights for her, and he worries for her.