You are more at risk if you are in contact for at least 15 to 20 minutes with someone who has scabies. Scabies mites can pass from person to person through close physical contact. They can also be passed through shared clothing, towels, and bedding.
How long does it take before a person with scabies has symptoms? In people that have never been infested with scabies before, symptoms (like itching and redness of the skin) usually appear 2 to 6 weeks after coming in contact with someone who has scabies and becoming infested.
Scabies is usually spread through prolonged periods of skin-to-skin contact with an infected person, or through sexual contact. It's also possible – but rare – for scabies to be passed on by sharing clothing, towels and bedding with someone who's infected.
Anyone you have had sexual contact with in the past 8 weeks should also be treated.
Scabies usually is spread by prolonged skin-to-skin contact with a person who has scabies. Scabies sometimes also can be spread by contact with items such as clothing, bedding, or towels that have been used by a person with scabies, but such spread is very uncommon, with the exception of crusted scabies.
If you think you have scabies, don't be embarrassed to see a dermatologist. Everyone you had close contact with needs treatment. If your dermatologist prescribes a medicine that you apply to your skin, be sure to take a bath or shower before you apply the medicine. Apply the medicine from your neck to your toes.
Common Symptoms
Severe itching (pruritus), especially at night, is the earliest and most common symptom of scabies. A pimple-like (papular) itchy (pruritic) “scabies rash” is also common. Itching and rash may affect much of the body or be limited to common sites such as: Between the fingers.
A common sign of crusted scabies is widespread crusts on the skin. These crusts tend to be thick, crumble easily when touched, and look grayish in color. Sometimes the crusts appear on one or a few areas of the body such as the scalp, back, or feet.
Disease burden
Scabies is one of the commonest dermatological conditions, accounting for a substantial proportion of skin disease in developing countries. Globally it affects more than 130 million people at any time. Scabies occurrence rates vary in the recent literature from 0.3% to 46%.
This study demonstrated that hosts infested with scabies develop immunity (resistance) to reinfestation. All hosts developed scabies-specific elevated circulating antibody titers during scabies infestations that followed the classical pattern for primary and secondary infestations.
Scabies typically starts with itching and a pimple-like rash, often in areas around your wrists, finger webs, elbows, armpits, waist, knees, ankles, or groin.
You should consult with a doctor or go to the nearest emergency room or urgent care if: 1- You have a skin rash and are itching. 2- Your roommate, household member or sexual partner has been diagnosed with scabies or has a skin rash and is itching.
Visitors should avoid prolonged skin to skin contact, eg holding hands. However, brief contact such as kissing and hugging is okay. Close contacts such as your spouse/partner and/or children should avoid prolonged skin to skin contact with you until they have completed their treatment.
Scabies can lead to skin sores and serious complications like septicaemia (a bloodstream infection), heart disease and kidney problems. It is treated using creams or oral medications. Scabies is contagious and spreads through skin-to-skin contact. It occurs worldwide but is most common in low-income tropical areas.
Scabies usually is passed by direct, prolonged skin-to-skin contact with an infested person. However, a person with crusted (Norwegian) scabies can spread the infestation by brief skin-to-skin contact or by exposure to bedding, clothing, or even furniture that he/she has used.
During an identified scabies outbreak, staff members who have been providing care to an identified case should not be rotated to other resident care units until 24 hours after completion of the staff member's scabicidal treatment. The case should also be isolated from other residents for 24 hours.
In addition, when treating infants and young children, scabicide lotion or cream also should be applied to their entire head and neck because scabies can affect their face, scalp, and neck, as well as the rest of their body.
Some immunocompromised, elderly, disabled, or debilitated persons are at risk for a severe form of scabies called crusted, or Norwegian, scabies. Persons with crusted scabies have thick crusts of skin that contain large numbers of scabies mites and eggs.
Permethrin kills the scabies mite and eggs. Permethrin is the drug of choice for the treatment of scabies. Two (or more) applications, each about a week apart, may be necessary to eliminate all mites. Children aged 2 months or older can be treated with permethrin.
Medicines work quickly to kill the mites, but the itchy rash may last for several weeks after treatment. Marks on the skin from scabies usually go away in 1 to 2 weeks, but sometimes take a few months to go away.
Items such as bedding, clothing, and towels used by a person with scabies can be decontaminated by machine-washing in hot water and drying using the hot cycle or by dry-cleaning. Items that cannot be washed or dry-cleaned can be decontaminated by removing from any body contact for at least 72 hours.
Items like bedding, clothing, and towels used by an infested person can be cleaned by washing with hot water and drying on high heat. For items that cannot be washed, store in a sealed plastic bag for at least 72 hours to kill any mites. Vacuum and clean rooms and furniture used by the person with scabies.
Summary. Scabies is caused when the female Sarcoptes scabiei mite burrows into your skin and lays eggs. Scabies is most commonly passed through prolonged skin-to-skin contact but can also be spread through infested bedding, clothing, furniture, or towels.