The difference between an underactive and an overactive thyroid is: An underactive thyroid can be easily treated with hormone replacement (thyroxine) with no side effects. An overactive thyroid is a potentially fatal health condition if left undiagnosed and untreated.
Neither hyperthyroidism nor hypothyroidism is worse than the other, however, hypothyroidism is 5 times more common than hyperthyroidism. Each thyroid condition, both hyper and hypo, can have uncomfortable symptoms that interfere with your quality of life, and (in severe cases) lead to death.
If an underactive thyroid isn't treated, it can lead to complications, including heart disease, goitre, pregnancy problems and a life-threatening condition called myxoedema coma (although this is very rare).
If your body makes too much thyroid hormone, you can develop a condition called hyperthyroidism. If your body makes too little thyroid hormone, it's called hypothyroidism. Both conditions are serious and need to be treated by your healthcare provider.
If you aren't treated, your doctor should continue to monitor your thyroid function with blood tests every six to 12 months. If your TSH level is higher than 10 mIU/L, you should start treatment, because you will very likely develop symptoms of an underactive thyroid, even if you don't have them now.
When should I go to the emergency room? If you're experiencing symptoms of thyroid storm such as a high fever and a rapid heart rate, get to the nearest emergency room as soon as possible. Thyroid storm is a serious and life-threatening medical condition. Luckily, it's rare and treatable.
Hypothyroidism is more common in older persons than younger individuals, especially among women, principally due to the rising incidence and prevalence of autoimmune thyroiditis. Furthermore, the incidence of hypothyroidism steadily increases with advancing age (Figure 1).
Most cases of an underactive thyroid are caused by the immune system attacking the thyroid gland and damaging it, or by damage that occurs as a result of treatments for thyroid cancer or an overactive thyroid.
Hypothyroidism slows down your metabolism, making it more difficult to lose extra pounds and maintain a healthy body weight. But weight loss is still possible with hypothyroidism.
Stress may exacerbate an underlying thyroid condition. For example, say hypothyroidism runs in your family. Under stress, your body releases the hormone cortisol. Too much cortisol can interfere with thyroid hormone production: It can stimulate the thyroid to work harder to create sufficient amounts of thyroid hormone.
Assessment of TSH is the single most useful test of thyroid function in the vast majority of patients. Primary care providers should seldom need to order any other biochemical thyroid test. In most cases the TSH will be within the normal range, and no further testing is indicated.
For people with thyroid disease, certain things can cause fluctuations in TSH levels. These include disease progression, medication changes, pregnancy, inadequate dosing, changes in weight, seasonal variations, and age.
There have been cases of patients switching from hyperthyroidism to hypothyroidism, and even rarer patients flipping from hypothyroidism to hyperthyroidism. 1 However, a case of spontaneously alternating hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism in Graves' disease is comparably an even rarer phenomenon.
Myxedema crisis (also called myxedema coma), the most severe form of hypothyroidism, is rare. It occurs when thyroid hormone levels get very, very low.
Eating a portion of Essential Fats at every meal which includes extra virgin olive oil, flaxseed oil, raw unsalted nuts and seeds, avocados and oily fish, will improve thyroid hormone levels as our cell receptors become more able to take up thyroid hormone.
With thyroid fatigue, you may feel like you can't get through a day without a nap. You may sleep more than usual but still feel completely exhausted. You may not even have the energy to exercise. At times, you may fall asleep during the day or very quickly at night.
Does Hypothyroidism Affect Life Expectancy? With proper treatment, a person with hypothyroidism usually has a normal life expectancy, with little or no decrease in quality of life. 1 Hypothyroidism generally carries a greater life expectancy than hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid).
Hypothyroidism that goes without treatment for a long time can damage the peripheral nerves. These are the nerves that carry information from the brain and spinal cord to the rest of the body. Peripheral neuropathy may cause pain, numbness and tingling in the arms and legs.
It's a common condition, particularly among women over age 60. Women are generally more likely to develop hypothyroidism after menopause than earlier in life.
People who have hypothyroidism and develop fever, changes in behavior or mental status, slowness of breath, or increased swelling of the hands and feet should be taken to an emergency department.
Subclinical hyperthyroidism can be divided into two categories: Mild: Low but detectable TSH level — usually 0.1 to 0.4 mIU/L. This applies to 65% to 75% of people with subclinical hyperthyroidism. Severe: TSH level is less than 0.1 mIU/L.
Thyroid crisis (also called thyroid storm) is a sudden worsening of hyperthyroidism symptoms that may occur with infection or stress. Fever, decreased alertness, and abdominal pain may occur. People need to be treated in the hospital.