When coal and iron ore prices were booming, the Australian dollar reached as high as US$1.10 in July 2011. In the years after that, as commodities prices fell, the A$ exchange rate drifted down.
If foreign investors purchase more Australian assets, more money flows into Australia. This leads to increased demand for Australian dollars. In addition, if Australian or foreign investors prefer to hold more Australian assets than otherwise (rather than purchasing overseas assets), less money flows out of Australia.
Historically, the Australian Dollar reached an all time high of 1.49 in December of 1973.
High terms of trade. The primary reason why the AUD has appreciated so much since the early 2000s is that Australia's terms of trade have doubled over this period, mainly due to rises in world prices for our commodity exports.
It was driven by Australia's fiscal position, a proactive central bank and by relatively high interest rates; finally it was driven by the financial crises that gripped the US in 2008 and beyond, and continues to wreak havoc across Europe right now.
Australian dollar predictions in 2023
ANZ, CBA, NAB and Westpac expect the Australian dollar to average 70 cents against the US dollar in 2023, with no year-on-year average change in exchange rates.
In 1983 the newly elected Labor government, with Bob Hawke as Prime Minister and Paul Keating as the Treasurer moved the Australian dollar onto a floating exchange rate. This meant that the dollar was now valued through the supply and demand of money within world currency markets.
The fall in commodity prices and the rush to a safe haven currency took the Australian dollar down 38% from 97.9 US cents on 15 July 2008 to 60.5 on 27 October the same year.
In line with weakening global growth, commodity prices fell sharply in the second half of 2008, and the differential between Australian and foreign interest rates declined as it became increasingly evident that Australian growth would be weighed down by the global weakness (Graph 1).
From January 2015, the AUD rapidly depreciated and reached a low of USD0. 6867 in January 2016. This depreciation of the AUD is attributed to the decline in Australia's terms of trade and the decrease in interest rate differential5 (Atkin et al., 2021).
Australian Dollar to US Dollar Long-Term Forecast
Looking further ahead, Westpac is forecasting an AUD/USD exchange rate of 0.76 by June 2024 and NAB is predicting AUD to be 0.78 to the US dollar by June 2024.
In addition, uncertainty around international trade, geopolitical tensions, the US debt ceiling and the US banking collapse have caused investors to move away from riskier assets like the AUD. This combination of factors has caused the Australian dollar to be weaker than its peers in recent months.
The decision was made on 8 December 1983 and announced on 9 December 1983. In the two decades that followed, its highest value relative to the US dollar was $0.881 in December 1988. The lowest ever value of the dollar after it was floated was 47.75 US cents in April 2001.
Over the past 12 months, the Australian dollar has gained strength (a whopping 65%) against the Argentine Peso, while gains have been made against the Chinese Yuan and Japanese Yen. Take advantage of the highly competitive exchange rate and buy foreign currency before your trip.
The 2023 Outlook for Major Currency Pairs
EUR/USD is predicted to reach 1.10 in March 2023, before declining to 1.08 September 2023 and holding at 1.08 in December 2023. USD/JPY is expected to hit 135 in March 2023, before trading at 133 in June 2023, 130 in September 2023 and 128 in December 2023.
Buying Australian Dollars before flying down under helps your travel money go further. If you wait until you're there, you'll be charged twice to use the ATM -- once from your home bank and once by the local bank.
Australia's economy was buoyed by large resource exports to China, whose economy rebounded quickly after the initial GFC shock (mainly due to expansionary fiscal policy).
Global economic issues: The Australian dollar can be impacted by global economic factors such as changes in the US dollar, fluctuations in oil prices, and geopolitical events. These factors can create uncertainty and volatility in global financial markets, which can affect the value of the Australian dollar.
In 1932, Australia departed from the gold standard, which fixed the value of the nation's currency to that of gold. As a result, the Bank was not required to retain gold reserves, and the Commonwealth Bank Act of 1932 made its banknotes no longer convertible into gold.
EXPENDITURE ON GDP
Household final consumption expenditure (HFCE) increased 2.1% and contributed 1.1 percentage points to GDP growth in 2012-13. The main contributors to growth in HFCE in 2012-13 were Total Rent and other dwelling services (up 2.3%) and Health (up 7.9%).
OVERVIEW OF AUSTRALIAN ECONOMY IN 2011-12
The Australian economy expanded by 3.4% in 2011-12. Real net national disposable income grew by 4.3%, reflecting a modest rise in the Terms of trade (up 0.6%) from the 20.5% rise in the previous year. The Household saving ratio was 10.8% for 2011-12, up from 10.7% in 2010-11.
Average exchange rate in 2010: 1.09 AUD. Worst exchange rate: 0.9781 AUD on 31 Dec 2010.
The one dollar coin was first introduced on 14 May 1984. Planning for a one dollar coin commenced as early as the mid-1970s.
The two dollar coin was first introduced on 20 June 1988. Planning for a two dollar coin commenced around the same time as that for the one dollar coin. Like the one dollar, the two dollar coin replaced the note of the same denomination which had a short service life through high use.
We Sell Rare Uncirculated One Dollar Paper Banknotes
Australian $1 notes were issued from 1966 up until they were replaced by the one dollar coin struck by the Royal Australian Mint in 1984.