There are two primary ways to lie: to conceal and to falsify. In concealing, the liar withholds some information without actually saying anything untrue. In falsifying, an additional step is taken. Not only does the liar withhold true information, but one presents false information as if it were true.
Lying can be cognitively depleting, it can increase the risk that people will be punished, it can threaten people's self-worth by preventing them from seeing themselves as “good” people, and it can generally erode trust in society.
However, of the most common motives for telling lies, avoiding punishment is the primary motivator for both children and adults. Other typical reasons include protecting ourselves or others from harm, maintaining privacy, and avoiding embarrassment, to name a few.
First, lying requires that a person make a statement (statement condition). Second, lying requires that the person believe the statement to be false; that is, lying requires that the statement be untruthful (untruthfulness condition).
Lie (principal parts: lie, lay, lain, lying) means “recline, rest, or stay.” It can refer to either a person or thing as assuming or being in a reclining position. The verb “lie” cannot take an object: Now he lies in bed most of the day, sulking about the lost sale.
The three most commonly referred to are lies of commission, lies of omission, and lies of influence, aka character lies. The reading below neatly summarizes these and provides some examples.
“There are three kinds of lies: lies, damned lies, and statistics.” The article by Courtney quoted above is the published version of a speech on proportional representation (which was also Baines' subject) that was given in August 1895 in New York State, which may help explain how Mark Twain came to know the phrase.
Why do we lie? Lying allows a person to establish perceived control over a situation by manipulating it. It's a defence mechanism that (seemingly) prevents them from being vulnerable, that is, to not open up and reveal their true self to another person.
They alter our reality, reframing it through the agenda of the person who doesn't want the truth to come out. Being lied to makes you feel insecure – your version of the truth is discredited. It also makes you feel unimportant – the person lying to you didn't value you enough to tell the truth.
In this game, everybody takes a turn saying three statements out loud. Two of them must be facts about yourself, or truths, and the third should be a believable lie. The goal of the game is for everybody to pick out which of the statements is the lie.
noun. the telling of lies, or false statements; untruthfulness: From boyhood, he has never been good at lying. adjective. telling or containing lies; deliberately untruthful; deceitful; false: a lying report.
Many deemed it acceptable to lie to people who were emotionally fragile, near death, or would be confused by the truth. They also found it more ethical to lie when doing so would help others save face in public or concentrate on something important.
The main reason people lie is low self-esteem. They want to impress, please, and tell someone what they think they want to hear. For example, insecure teenagers often lie to gain social acceptance. Here, parents should emphasize to their children the consequences of lying.
“Lying about spending time with another person is a death knell to a relationship, and a lie partners should never tell,” she adds. Not only do they need to know for the health of your relationship but also for their physical health, as cheating puts the other partner at risk for STDs.
You take credit for the work done by someone else in order to make yourself look good, lying to your boss and claiming the work for yourself. You refuse to admit that you shoplifted an item and instead say that you watched someone else take it.
Gray lie. Most of the lies we tell are gray lies.
There is the red lie, which is a lie one tells to hurt another person or get even.