It is pronounced like 'sh' in English 'ship', but it is a retroflex consonant, meaning that the tongue is in the same shape as the American English 'r'.
The letter Ж is only pronounced /ʒ/ in Russian loanwords. It is usually pronounced /d͡ʒ/.
It is a so-called iotated vowel, pronounced in isolation as /ju/, like the pronunciation of ⟨u⟩ in "human". After a consonant, no distinct [j] sound is pronounced, but the consonant is softened. The exact pronunciation of the vowel sound of ⟨ю⟩ in Russian depends also on the succeeding sound because of allophony.
The Russian letter "э" is pronounced [e] like in the word "edit". But be careful, remember that the Russian letter "e" is pronounced [ye] like in "yellow". You have already learnt that "и" has a sound [i], similar to "three" or "free". The Russian letter "й" is called "и краткое" (it is pronounced [i kratkaye]).
The letter "ь" does not have any sound itself. It softens the letter before it. For example the words "есть" (to eat) and "ест" (he/she eats) sound different thanks to "ь".
З з sounds like “z” in “zoo” or “zodiac”, Н н sounds like “n” in “no” or “noon”, Р р sounds like “r” in “run” or “rest” (but rolled).
Be (Б б italics: Б б) is a letter of the Cyrillic script. It commonly represents the voiced bilabial plosive /b/, like the English pronunciation of ⟨b⟩ in "ball". It should not be confused with the Cyrillic letter Ve (В в), which is shaped like Latin capital letter B but represents the voiced labiodental fricative /v/.
Pay attention to the pronunciation of the vowels ы and и. Note that ы sounds like [ i ] in ill, whereas И и sounds like [ee] in meet. The letter ы never occurs as the first letter in the word, therefore it is never capitalized.
'ш' is a hard, retroflex consonant. It is pronounced like 'sh' in English 'ship', but it is a retroflex consonant, meaning that the tongue is in the same shape as the American English 'r'. It is transcribed as [ʂ] in IPA. Here are some example words for you to study.
To make the /tʃ/ sound:
Push air forward out of your mouth. Stop the air completely at first, and then release it. After release, the air should create friction between the tip of your tongue and the roof of your mouth. Do not vibrate your vocal cords when you make this sound; it's voiceless.
Л is pronounced like Lambda. |^* Ц can represent c in English. The exceptions are when there's a hard c that is pronounced /k/ and ц represents ts as in tsunami, and when ц represents z as in pizza.
The open-mid front unrounded vowel, or low-mid front unrounded vowel, is a type of vowel sound used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is a Latinised variant of the Greek lowercase epsilon, ⟨ɛ⟩.
3.1.1 /ʧ ʤ/: Palato-alveolar Affricate
Like the plosive sounds, they completely obstruct or stop the airflow in the oral tract; but unlike the plosive sounds, do not abruptly release the pent up air with an explosion, but by gentle release. This is why they are called affricate consonant sounds.
To make /s/, place the tip of your tongue lightly against the ridge behind your upper teeth (but do not touch the teeth). As you push air out of your mouth, squeeze the air between the tip of your tongue and the top of your mouth. You should feel some friction (resistance).
The bottom line is, today both of them don't have any sound and serve as an apostrophe in Russian, only Ь indicates that the consonant is SOFT, and Ъ indicates that the consonant is HARD.
/eə/ sound
This diphthong sounds like the word 'air'. Letters used to show this sound are: 'air' as in 'hair' /heə/, 'ear' as in 'bear' /beə/, 'are' as in 'care' /keə/, and 'aire' as in 'Claire' /kleə/.